RegulationAccelerated Approval (United States), Orphan Drug (United States), Orphan Drug (European Union), Orphan Drug (Japan), Orphan Drug (Australia), Conditional marketing approval (European Union), Orphan Drug (United Kingdom), Priority Review (United States)

Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC32H40N4O5S

InChIKeyWRFHGDPIDHPWIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS Registry254740-64-2

Clinical Trials associated with Sparsentan

NCT07224776

/ RecruitingPhase 1IIT

Sparsentan for the Treatment of VEGF Signaling Pathway Inhibitor-Associated Proteinuria

Single-center, open-label, two-stage pilot study examining the efficacy and safety of sparsentan for reducing high-grade proteinuria among patients with cancer who receive vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors

Start Date10 Jul 2026

Sponsor / Collaborator

The Brigham & Women's Hospital, Inc.

[+1]

NCT07555301

/ Not yet recruitingNot ApplicableIIT

Clinical Experience With Sparsentan in Switzerland in IgA Nephropathy

An observational study tracking the clinical course of patients with IgA nephropathy.

Start Date01 Jun 2026

Sponsor / Collaborator-

NCT07219121

/ Active, not recruitingPhase 4

A Multicenter, Open-label Single Arm Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Sparsentan in Posttransplant Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy (IgAN) or Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (SPARX)

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of sparsentan tablets for the treatment of patients with proteinuria after kidney transplantation with once-daily dosing for 36 weeks.

Start Date07 Oct 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Travere Therapeutics, Inc.

100 Clinical Results associated with Sparsentan

100 Translational Medicine associated with Sparsentan

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Sparsentan

Literatures (Medical) associated with Sparsentan

01 May 2026·AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE

Review of the clinical, humanistic, and economic burden of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Review

Author: Bensink, Mark E ; Navickas, Colin ; Gisler, Chris

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a progressive glomerular disease characterized by podocyte injury, proteinuria, and risk of kidney failure. Until recently, no medicines had been approved by the FDA or European Medicines Agency, with management focused on supportive care and proteinuria reduction. This supplement explores the burden of FSGS from a clinical, humanistic, and economic perspective, informed by the results of 3 systematic literature reviews. FSGS is associated with poorer quality of life and high health care costs, and these outcomes are correlated with disease severity. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes guidelines recommend monitoring estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) for kidney function; however, it is acknowledged that given the variable decline in FSGS, eGFR is not an ideal trial end point. Consequently, proteinuria reduction has become the preferred surrogate efficacy end point, as supported by the International Society of Glomerular Disease's global Proteinuria and Other Biomarkers as Endpoints for Clinical Trials in Kidney Disease initiative and subsequent FDA endorsement. Available treatments, such as glucocorticoids or calcineurin inhibitors, are limited in efficacy and safety. Among emerging medicines, sparsentan, a dual endothelin and angiotensin receptor antagonist (DEARA), has demonstrated consistent and significant reductions in proteinuria among patients with primary and genetic FSGS resulting in its approval by the FDA to reduce proteinuria in adult and pediatric patients aged 8 years and older with FSGS without nephrotic syndrome. In the phase 2 DUET clinical trial (NCT01613118), those treated with sparsentan showed a urine protein-creatinine ratio reduction of -35.6% (95% CI, -46.3% to -24.6%) vs baseline at 240 weeks. Sparsentan also showed greater reductions in proteinuria vs irbesartan, a standard renin-angiotensin system agent, along with a comparable safety profile in the phase 3 DUPLEX trial (NCT03493685). In model-based projections among real-world registry cohorts, sustained reductions in proteinuria are associated with lower long-term risk of kidney failure. These findings align with the PARASOL-FSGS initiative, supporting the role of proteinuria reduction as a key end point, facilitating pragmatic trial designs to address the persistent treatment gap in FSGS.

01 Apr 2026·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Association between Complete Proteinuria Remission and Kidney Function in the Phase 3 PROTECT Trial of Sparsentan in IgA Nephropathy

Article

Author: Rovin, Brad H. ; Komers, Radko ; Murphy, Edward ; Hendry, Bruce ; Mercer, Alex ; Preciado, Priscila ; Heerspink, Hiddo J.L. ; Tesar, Vladimir

Key Points:

This analysis explored the association between complete remission of proteinuria and kidney function decline during sparsentan or irbesartan treatment.Patients achieving complete remission of proteinuria experienced better eGFR preservation and fewer kidney failure events.These data support Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guideline recommendations to maintain proteinuria levels in IgA nephropathy ideally below 0.3 g/d.

Background:

In the phase 3, randomized, double-blind PROTECT (NCT03762850) trial, sparsentan, a single-molecule dual endothelin angiotensin receptor antagonist, reduced proteinuria and preserved kidney function compared with maximum labeled dose irbesartan in adults with IgA nephropathy. In this post hoc analysis of PROTECT, we assessed the association between complete remission of proteinuria (CR) and preservation of kidney function.

Methods:

This analysis compared kidney function in patients who achieved CR (urine protein excretion <0.3 g/d) by week 36 (CR36) or at any time up to week 110 (CR110) versus those who did not (non-CR), regardless of original treatment allocation. End points assessed by CR status were change in proteinuria, eGFR, and BP, rate of eGFR decline, a composite kidney end point, and safety.

Results:

Of 404 patients who were randomized and received study drug, 43 (11%) achieved CR36 and 85 (21%) achieved CR110. CR patients demonstrated greater and more rapid reductions in proteinuria compared with non-CR patients. CR110 patients had a smaller absolute change in eGFR versus non-CR patients (−4.0 versus −8.6 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 ) and a slower rate of eGFR decline (day 1–week 110; −0.7 versus −4.2 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 per year). Fewer CR110 patients (1%) reached the composite kidney end point versus non-CR patients (14%). CR110 patients were more likely to experience treatment-emergent adverse events associated with hypotension (hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, or BP systolic decreased) and less likely to experience treatment-emergent adverse events of hypertension than non-CR patients. More non-CR patients versus CR110 patients discontinued treatment due to AEs (11% versus 4%, respectively) or patient decision (8% versus 2%, respectively).

Conclusions:

Participants in PROTECT who achieved CR36 or CR110 showed greater eGFR preservation, fewer kidney failure events, and similar safety profiles compared to non-CR participants. These data reinforce recommendations to maintain proteinuria levels ideally <0.3 g/d and underscore its relationship with kidney function preservation.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number::

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03762850.

01 Apr 2026·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Antiproteinuric Effect of Sparsentan in Patients with Genetic-Associated FSGS Enrolled in the DUPLEX Trial

Article

Author: Trachtman, Howard ; Rheault, Michelle N. ; Gruber, Angela J. ; Inrig, Jula ; Gong, Wu ; Yee, Jennifer ; Komers, Radko ; Bedard, Patricia W.

Key Points:

Sparsentan lowered proteinuria, with more frequent complete remission of proteinuria versus irbesartan in patients with genetic forms of FSGS.Fewer patients with genetic forms of FSGS progressed to the composite kidney endpoint with sparsentan versus irbesartan.Consistent with the overall DUPLEX population, the results support sparsentan's antiproteinuric benefit in patients with genetic forms of FSGS.

Background:

FSGS is a podocytopathy that is diagnosed based on characteristic histopathologic lesions. Certain forms of FSGS with underlying genetic variants associated with the disease, including variants in podocyte proteins, as well as apolipoprotein L1 ( APOL1 ) risk alleles, and variants in collagen type 4 α 3, α 4, and α 5 ( COL4A3–5 ) proteins, are typically resistant to current treatments.

Methods:

The DUPLEX clinical trial assessed the efficacy and safety of sparsentan, a dual endothelin angiotensin receptor antagonist, in patients with biopsy-proven or genetic FSGS (gFSGS) and demonstrated a greater antiproteinuric effect over 108 weeks compared with the active control irbesartan. This post hoc , exploratory analysis assessed the efficacy of sparsentan in the subset of patients enrolled in DUPLEX who had pathogenic variants in genes coding for podocyte proteins, COL4A3–5 variants, and APOL1 high-risk genotypes, all together referred to as gFSGS.

Results:

Next-generation sequencing identified 31 patients with podocyte gene variants, 25 with COL4A3–5 gene variants, and 14 with APOL1 high-risk genotypes. Baseline characteristics varied between genetic subgroups, with slightly younger patients, on average, in the podocyte gene variant group, and more African American patients in the APOL1 high-risk genotype group. In this exploratory analysis, sparsentan treatment resulted in substantial and sustained proteinuria reductions and numerically more frequent complete remission of proteinuria compared with irbesartan, consistent with observations in the full DUPLEX study population. Moreover, a lower proportion of sparsentan-treated versus irbesartan-treated patients reached composite kidney endpoints.

Conclusions:

These findings support sparsentan's antiproteinuric benefit in patients with gFSGS, a subgroup that is often resistant to other therapeutic interventions.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number::

Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03493685.

287

News (Medical) associated with Sparsentan

17 Jul 2026

·www.fiercepharma.com

Novartis gains full FDA nod for Fabhalta in kidney disorder IgAN

With two approved medicines to treat primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) and a third therapy in phase 3 testing, Novartis is on its way to cornering the market for the indication. On Friday its first drug to hit the market for IgAN, Fabhalta, gained a full blessing from the FDA, with the U.S. regulator converting the drug's accelerated approval into a traditional nod. Fabhalta is now endorsed to slow kidney function decline in adult IgAN patients who are at risk for disease progression. The original, speedy IgAN approval for the first-in-class factor B complement inhibitor came two years ago to reduce proteinuria. “Today’s approval reinforces Fabhalta’s role in preserving kidney function by significantly slowing disease progression, an outcome that matters deeply to patients at risk of long-term kidney damage,” Victor Bultó, Novartis’ US president, said in a release. Backing the approval was data from a phase 3 placebo-controlled trial that showed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over two years on Novartis' drug. When done over time, an eGFR blood test can assess kidney functioning and the progress of an IgAN patient. Fabhalta’s first approval in the indication was based on surrogate endpoint data from the same trial, which measured the reduction in patients’ proteinuria (protein in the urine) at nine months versus placebo. That endpoint is an “increasingly recognized surrogate marker correlating with progression to kidney failure,” Novartis said at the time of that readout. Autoimmune kidney disease IgAN is diagnosed in roughly 25 per million people worldwide. Up to 50% of IgAN patients with proteinuria progress to kidney failure within 10 to 20 years of diagnosis, often requiring dialysis and/or kidney transplantation, Novartis said. “The ability to significantly slow kidney function decline is a critical treatment goal,” Dana Rizk, M.D., of the Division of Nephrology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, said in a release. “This approval of Fabhalta reinforces the importance of targeting underlying disease mechanisms, including complement activation, in treating IgAN to help preserve kidney health.” In addition to Fabhalta, Novartis gained an FDA accelerated approval last year for another of its oral medicines Vanrafia, which it picked up in a $3.2 billion buyout of Chinook Therapeutics in 2023. Early this year, the Swiss company said it would seek full approval for the endothelin A (ETA) receptor antagonist, even though it came up short in a phase 3 study assessing kidney function improvement. Novartis is testing its anti-APRIL antibody zigakibart in a phase 3 IgAN study, too. The company amended the trial’s protocol to focus on eGFR and potentially gain a full approval. An interim eGFR readout is expected in the first half of next year. Also on the IgAN treatment landscape are Travere Therapeutics with Filspari, which gained a full approval in the indication in 2024, and Calliditas Therapeutics’ Tarpeyo, which was cleared a year earlier, becoming the first drug to treat the disorder in the U.S. In 2024, Japanese chemical giant Asahi Kasei acquired Sweden-based Calliditas for $1.1 billion. Last year, sales of Fabhalta reached $505 million, which were up 291%. In the first quarter of this year, Novartis reported sales of Fabhalta at $169 million, while Vanrafia chipped in an additional $16 million. Fabhalta originally reached the market in 2023 for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Last year, Novartis tacked on an FDA nod for Fabhalta to treat C3 glomerulopathy, as well.

Phase 3Drug ApprovalClinical ResultAcquisitionAccelerated Approval

08 Jul 2026

·allsci.com

FDA grants accelerated approval to Vera’s Trutakna, first dual BAFF/APRIL inhibitor for IgA nephropathy

The US FDA has granted accelerated approval to Trutakna (atacicept-vymj) for reducing proteinuria in adults with primary IgA nephropathy (IgAN) at risk of disease progression — marking the first approval of a dual BAFF and APRIL inhibitor in any indication. California-based Vera Therapeutics (Nasdaq: VERA) positions the therapy as a mechanistically distinct addition to an increasingly crowded IgAN landscape, where several agents have reached approval over the past four years. The approval is based on a surrogate endpoint — reduction in proteinuria — rather than demonstrated preservation of kidney function. As a condition of accelerated approval, continued authorization is contingent on confirmatory evidence from the ongoing ORIGIN 3 trial evaluating estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline, with results anticipated in Q3 2026. Trutakna is administered as a 150 mg subcutaneous injection once weekly via autoinjector, self-administered by patients at home. Atacicept-vymj is a soluble recombinant fusion protein incorporating the extracellular domain of the TACI receptor, enabling it to simultaneously neutralize both BAFF and APRIL — two cytokines that drive B-cell activation and the production of galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1), the pathogenic antibody central to IgAN. By blocking both ligands, the molecule targets the immunological cascade upstream of glomerular immune complex deposition. The approval rests on a prespecified interim analysis of ORIGIN 3 (NCT04716231), a global, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase III trial. Among the first 203 participants who received at least one dose, those treated with Trutakna demonstrated a 46% reduction from baseline in 24-hour urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR) at 36 weeks, representing a statistically significant 42% reduction versus placebo (p\<0.0001). A 68% reduction in Gd-IgA1 was also reported as a secondary endpoint, though without multiplicity adjustment. The safety profile was broadly consistent with the drug's immunosuppressive mechanism: infections occurred in 32% of Trutakna-treated patients versus 28% on placebo, and local administration reactions in 30% versus 5%. The IgAN treatment landscape has expanded considerably since Tarpeyo (budesonide delayed-release capsules), developed by Calliditas Therapeutics, received the first FDA approval in the indication in December 2021 — also under accelerated approval based on proteinuria reduction. Sparsentan (Filspari), a dual endothelin and angiotensin receptor antagonist developed by Travere Therapeutics, followed a similar regulatory path and carries identical approved indication language. Trutakna’s differentiation lies in its immunologic mechanism: rather than modulating hemodynamic or mucosal pathways, it directly suppresses the B-cell cytokine axis considered central to IgAN pathogenesis. The most direct mechanistic competition comes from povetacicept, a dual BAFF/APRIL inhibitor in development at Vertex Pharmaceuticals. As previously reported, Vertex has reported Phase III data for povetacicept in IgAN, and the FDA has set a November decision date for that agent — meaning two drugs targeting the same cytokine pair could hold approval in the same indication within months of each other. The competitive pressure extends further: Novartis has reported Phase III data for iptacopan (Vanrafia/Fabhalta) in IgAN via a complement pathway mechanism, broadening the mechanistic diversity of the field. For Vera Therapeutics, Trutakna represents the company’s first commercial product and the culmination of a development program built on rights licensed from Merck KGaA in November 2020. Atacicept was originally discovered by ZymoGenetics and co-developed with Merck Serono from 2001; Vera acquired global rights under an agreement that included 10% equity to Merck KGaA and up to €605 million in potential milestones. The IgAN pivot — away from the lupus indications previously explored under Merck Serono — proved central to Vera’s strategy, with the ORIGIN program generating the clinical evidence that ultimately supported the BLA. The eGFR readout from ORIGIN 3 expected in Q3 2026 will determine whether the accelerated approval converts to full approval and, more broadly, whether proteinuria reduction at 36 weeks reliably predicts long-term kidney function preservation for this class of agent — a question with implications beyond Trutakna alone. This article was generated with AI assistance and reviewed and edited by the AllSci editorial team Explore more at AllSci News: https://allsci.com/news/ Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * Comment * Name * Email * Website Privacy Terms About Us Copyright © 2026. AllSci Corp. All rights reserved.

Phase 3Drug ApprovalAccelerated ApprovalClinical ResultLicense out/in

23 Jun 2026

·www.chugai-pharm.co.jp

Chugai Files New Drug Application in Japan for Sparsentan for the Treatment of IgA Nephropathy

June 19, 2026 -- Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (TOKYO: 4519) announced today that it filed a regulatory application with the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare for sparsentan for the treatment of patients with IgA nephropathy. “In IgA nephropathy, a designated intractable disease, there are patients in whom proteinuria is not adequately controlled with existing treatments, and long-term decline in kidney function has remained an unmet challenge. Sparsentan has a novel mechanism of action that inhibits both the endothelin receptor and angiotensin II receptor, and has demonstrated a significant reduction in proteinuria in clinical studies, with results suggesting a potential benefit in preserving kidney function. Together with the convenience of once-daily dosing, we aim to support long-term disease management for patients and contribute to establishing a treatment foundation for IgA nephropathy,” said Dr. Osamu Okuda, President and CEO of Chugai. This application is based on the results from the global Phase III study (the PROTECT study) conducted outside of Japan and Japanese Phase III study (the RE-021-001 study), both conducted in patients with IgA nephropathy with persistent presence of proteinuria.In the global Phase III study (PROTECT study), sparsentan demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in the primary endpoint—the percent change from baseline in urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR) at Week 36—compared with the active control irbesartan (−49.8% vs −15.1%, p<0.0001). In addition, results of the key secondary endpoint, the total slope of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over time, suggested a potential long-term benefit in preserving kidney function. Sparsentan was generally well tolerated, and its safety profile was consistent with data from previous clinical studies. In the sparsentan group, treatment-emergent adverse events observed during the double-blind period included hypotension, hyperkalemia, dizziness, and peripheral edema. In the Japanese Phase III study (the RE-021-001 study), the primary endpoint—the percent change from baseline in urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR) at Week 36—achieved −58.5% reduction, consistent with the findings from the global Phase III study (the PROTECT study), demonstrating efficacy in Japanese patients. The safety profile was consistent with previously known findings, and no new safety signals specific to Japanese patients were identified. [Reference] Notice Concerning Making Renalys Pharma, Inc. a Wholly-Owned Subsidiary (News release issued on Oct 24, 2025) https://www.chugai-pharm.co.jp/english/news/detail/20251024170000_1197.html The PROTECT study is an international, multicenter, double-blind, active-controlled trial conducted by Travere Therapeutics outside Japan, in patients with IgA nephropathy who have persistent overt proteinuria despite treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). The primary endpoint was the percent change from baseline in urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR) at Week 36. Key secondary endpoints included the slope of eGFR from Week 6 to Week 110 and from Day 1 to Week 110. The RE-021-001 study is a multicenter, open-label, single-arm Phase III clinical trial conducted in Japan to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sparsentan in Japanese patients with IgA nephropathy. A total of 35 patients were enrolled in the study. The primary endpoint was the percent change from baseline in the urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR) at Week 36. Secondary endpoints included the change in eGFR at two years and safety assessments. Sparsentan is an oral, small molecule that inhibits both endothelin receptor type A (ETAR) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) in a single molecule. By simultaneously inhibiting the endothelin pathway in addition to the renin–angiotensin (RA) system, Sparsentan has been shown to provide a more potent reduction in proteinuria, while maintaining once-daily dosing similar to conventional RA system inhibitors.Sparsentan was granted full approval as FILSPARI for the treatment of IgA nephropathy in the United States in September 2024 and standard marketing authorization in Europe in April 2025, based on efficacy and safety data from the global Phase III study (the PROTECT study) in adults with IgA nephropathy conducted in 18 countries, including South Korea and Taiwan. In addition, in April 2026, FILSPARI was approved in the United States to reduce proteinuria in adult and pediatric patients 8 years and older with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) without nephrotic syndrome. FSGS is a rare kidney disease also characterized by elevated proteinuria. IgA nephropathy (designated intractable disease No. 66) is a type of chronic glomerulonephritis characterized by the persistent presence of hematuria and proteinuria, caused by the deposition of abnormal immunoglobulin A (glycosylation-aberrant IgA) in the glomeruli of the kidneys1. Disease progression can lead to a decline in kidney function, and kidney transplantation or dialysis may become necessary when end-stage renal disease occurs2. In Japan, the number of patients is estimated to be approximately 33,0003, and it is known that approximately 40% of patients progress to end-stage renal disease within 20 years of diagnosis4. Existing treatments, such as renin-angiotensin (RA) system inhibitors or corticosteroids, may not sufficiently prevent disease progression in some patients, highlighting the need for new treatment options with greater efficacy. The content above comes from the network. if any infringement, please contact us to modify.

Clinical ResultDrug Approval

100 Deals associated with Sparsentan

External Link

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D11776	-	-	DB12548

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

to view more data

Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental	United States	Travere Therapeutics, Inc.	13 Apr 2026
Glomerulonephritis, IGA	United States	Travere Therapeutics, Inc.	17 Feb 2023

Developing

10 top R&D records.

to view more data

Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis	Phase 2	United Kingdom	Travere Therapeutics, Inc.	08 Dec 2022
Kidney Diseases	Phase 2	United Kingdom	Travere Therapeutics, Inc.	08 Dec 2022
Glomerular disease	Phase 2	United States	Travere Therapeutics, Inc.	12 Aug 2021
Glomerular disease	Phase 2	Germany	Travere Therapeutics, Inc.	12 Aug 2021
Glomerular disease	Phase 2	Italy	Travere Therapeutics, Inc.	12 Aug 2021
Glomerular disease	Phase 2	Netherlands	Travere Therapeutics, Inc.	12 Aug 2021
Glomerular disease	Phase 2	Poland	Travere Therapeutics, Inc.	12 Aug 2021
Glomerular disease	Phase 2	Spain	Travere Therapeutics, Inc.	12 Aug 2021
Glomerular disease	Phase 2	Sweden	Travere Therapeutics, Inc.	12 Aug 2021
Glomerular disease	Phase 2	United Kingdom	Travere Therapeutics, Inc.	12 Aug 2021

Clinical Result

Indication

Phase

Evaluation

View All Results

Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT05856760 (SPARTACUS, CTgov)	Phase 2	Glomerulonephritis, IGA	48	Sparsentan	yfnnpzthgz(pwdtogklfs) = afmgjdgxem jiseyvxmcu (ztpafzvufo, lbripbecue - bbioyrpzob) View more	-	20 Nov 2025
ASN2025	Not Applicable	Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental	620	SGLT2 inhibitors	gmhvagyqwy(jcnqhdnxzq) = Nephrologists rank FSGS among the top three rare kidney diseases with sizable unmet therapeutic needs. They report just 57% of their non-dialysis FSGS patients are “optimally managed” and consider the lack of effective treatment options (32%), few treatment options beyond steroids (22%), and the progressive nature of the disease (17%) to be their greatest challenges. balrklllbp (svzmydrsoa ) View more	Positive	08 Nov 2025
ASN2025	Not Applicable	Glomerulonephritis, IGA	22	sparsentan	yrwuxwthmp(vpywxaqyss) = uqgriwvsds istvilitdo (ydbynnoybw, 0.2) View more	Positive	08 Nov 2025
NCT03493685 (DUPLEX, ASN2025)	Phase 2/3	Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental COL4A3-5 pathogenic variants	371	Sparsentan (SPAR)	yltfmyyfvx(stkqdtztvu) = hznkddvpqr zobfxfmnjx (ebcptxdehm )	Positive	07 Nov 2025
				Irbesartan (IRB)	yltfmyyfvx(stkqdtztvu) = tgpjnvqzfq zobfxfmnjx (ebcptxdehm )
NCT03493685 (DUPLEX, ASN2025)	Phase 3	Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental	35	Sparsentan (SPAR)	gfslsamrlt(fhtmlztqbv) = tvjcsfapex buhvwrfqpv (ucuakngyos ) View more	Positive	07 Nov 2025
				Irbesartan (IRB)	gfslsamrlt(fhtmlztqbv) = yvuanenrnh buhvwrfqpv (ucuakngyos ) View more
NCT03493685 (DUPLEX, ERA2025)	Phase 3	Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental	371	Sparsentan	liufjwrmmp(qpwxylszjo) = obnjqhvhhv modpugzgce (ekgkgjxioh ) View more	Positive	04 Jun 2025
				Irbesartan	liufjwrmmp(qpwxylszjo) = sslnocctlj modpugzgce (ekgkgjxioh ) View more
SPARTACUS (ERA2025)	Phase 2	Glomerulonephritis, IGA	48	Sparsentan (replaced RASi) + stable SGLT2i	fqimhpmjid(mokxfuxvbb) = zwamnvwwcp ohcqqwvzcu (lzwbulqpsx ) View more	Positive	04 Jun 2025
ERA2025	Not Applicable	Glomerulonephritis, IGA	918	Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi)	aklmykqhgw(flnavljemx) = jrhvbkukcz cglsyogsdu (aabhnoufxy ) View more	Positive	04 Jun 2025
				Immunosuppressants (IS)	aklmykqhgw(flnavljemx) = tlkiqlboaw cglsyogsdu (aabhnoufxy )
NCT03762850 (PROTECT, ASN2024)	Phase 3	Glomerulonephritis, IGA	225	Sparsentan	sjswdvetvw(zgzbegpyop) = hwajssswal qxqlssdonq (sxcdiophve ) View more	Positive	25 Oct 2024
				Irbesartan	sjswdvetvw(zgzbegpyop) = nfkfpeqibq qxqlssdonq (sxcdiophve ) View more
NCT04663204 (SPARTAN, ASN2024)	Phase 2	Glomerulonephritis, IGA First line	12	Sparsentan (SPAR)	fiwmsdwffa(ipfqlzqqcw) = The most frequent AE was dizziness (50% of patients); 1 patient discontinued due to hypotension. bbgexpfoer (mqzgtuikjc )	Positive	25 Oct 2024

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