Withdrawal of neurohormonal therapy in patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, no late gadolinium enhancement, and negative genetic testing, who have exhibited super-response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. DRUGLESS-CRT clinical trial.

Start Date16 Dec 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator-

NCT07222852

/ Not yet recruitingPhase 3IIT

Cardiovascular Protection After Preeclampsia With Enalapril

The purpose of this study is to learn if postpartum women are willing to be randomized to different blood pressure medicines after delivery and how that affects blood pressure in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Start Date15 Nov 2025

Sponsor / Collaborator

Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island

100 Clinical Results associated with Enalapril Maleate

100 Translational Medicine associated with Enalapril Maleate

100 Patents (Medical) associated with Enalapril Maleate

9,388

Literatures (Medical) associated with Enalapril Maleate

01 Dec 2026·MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS

Chlorogenic acid-rich Morus alba leaf alleviated renal fibrosis through the regulation of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), and extracellular matrix deposition

Article

Author: Azlan, Azrina ; Atho'illah, Mochammad Fitri ; Fauzi, Ahmad ; Hamzah, Hazilawati ; Noor, Mohd Hezmee Mohd ; Titisari, Nurina

BACKGROUND:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression is linked to renal fibrosis, influenced by profibrotic factors like transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). Despite advancements in synthetic drugs like enalapril, evidence for plant-derived candidates that slow kidney fibrosis remains limited, underscoring the need for rigorous preclinical evaluation.

OBJECTIVE:

This study evaluates the antifibrotic efficacy of Morus alba Linn. leaf extract (MLE) and its primary compound, chlorogenic acid (CGA), in a mouse model of renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Twenty-five male Balb/c mice were assigned to five groups: sham operation (SO), UUO control, UUO with enalapril treatment, UUO with MLE, and UUO with CGA. Treatments were administered orally for 14 days, followed by assessments of fibrosis through histological analysis, immunohistochemistry, gene expression profiling, and molecular docking.

RESULTS:

Results indicated significant reductions in basement membrane thickening (from 31.19% in UUO to 21.87% with MLE), collagen deposition (from 6.85% to 2.7%), and decreased expression of key fibrotic markers such as TGF-β1 (from 26.21% to 11.91% with MLE and 5.92% with CGA), FGF-2, Collagen-1, Smad3, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and β-catenin. Molecular docking analysis suggested that CGA formed plausible interactions with transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (TGFβR1) (-9.5 kcal/mol) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) (-8.3 kcal/mol), indicating its potential antifibrotic properties.

CONCLUSION:

These findings suggest that MLE and CGA effectively alleviate renal fibrosis by modulating crucial profibrotic signaling pathways, presenting them as promising natural therapeutic alternatives for CKD-associated fibrosis.

01 Jun 2026·COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY

Ginsenoside Rb1 as a multi-target modulator in heart failure: Mechanistic insights into extracellular remodeling and transcriptional pathways from network pharmacology, molecular dynamics, and binding free energy analyses

Article

Author: Liu, Ying ; Yin, Qiang ; Kehinde, Ibrahim ; Soliman, Mahmoud ; Bai, Baobao

BACKGROUND:

Heart failure is a leading global health burden, often driven by Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced processes such as inflammation, fibrosis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. These mechanisms involve multiple protein hubs, making single-target drugs insufficient. Natural products such as Ginsenoside Rb1, a major bioactive constituent of Panax ginseng, have emerged as promising multi-target agents, though their mechanistic roles in cardiovascular protection remain incompletely defined.

METHODS:

A combined strategy of network pharmacology, protein-protein interaction analysis, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and MM/GBSA binding free energy calculations was employed. Hub proteins associated with Ang II-mediated heart failure were identified, followed by docking and MM/GBSA analyses to compare the binding affinity of Rb1 against reference drugs (Losartan, Enalapril, and Carvedilol). Protein-ligand interaction maps, hydrophobicity profiling, and electrostatic potential (ESP) analyses were used to elucidate binding mechanisms.

RESULTS:

Five hub proteins-MMP9, FN1, JUN, FGF2, and STAT3-were identified as central to Ang II-driven remodeling, inflammation, and transcriptional regulation. MM/GBSA analyses revealed consistently favorable ΔG_bind values for Rb1, including -36.40 kcal/mol (FN1), -35.30 kcal/mol (STAT3), and -33.70 kcal/mol (JUN), which were comparable to or exceeded those of the reference drugs. In contrast, Rb1 showed moderate affinity at MMP9 (-31.80 kcal/mol) and FGF2 (-30.70 kcal/mol). Interaction plots demonstrated that the amphipathic nature of Rb1, with a bulky hydrophobic backbone and multiple polar hydroxyl groups, enabled multidentate hydrogen bonding, van der Waals stabilization, and π-alkyl interactions across diverse binding pockets. Hydrophobicity and ESP mapping further confirmed that Rb1 adapts effectively to both hydrophobic and polar microenvironments, explaining its broader multi-target binding capacity compared to the more structurally restricted reference drugs.

CONCLUSION:

This study highlights Ginsenoside Rb1 as a promising polypharmacological candidate for heart failure, showing strong and adaptable binding to multiple Ang II-related targets.

01 Mar 2026·JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION

Exercise training plus enalapril treatment in male hypertensive rats: beneficial effects on the blood pressure variability and kidneys

Article

Author: Gomes, Guiomar Nascimento ; Araujo, Amanda Aparecida ; Dutra, Marina Rascio Henriques ; De Angelis, Kátia ; Ferreira, Maycon Junior ; Irigoyen, Maria Cláudia ; Shecaira, Tania Plens

Objective::

To investigate the effects of combined exercise training associated with enalapril maleate on blood pressure variability (BPV) and renal morphofunctional, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in an experimental model of arterial hypertension.

Methods::

Male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly allocated into sedentary placebo (SP), trained placebo (TP), sedentary enalapril (SE) or trained enalapril (TE). Both enalapril treatment (3 mg/kg) and combined exercise training (3 days/week) were performed for 8 weeks. Blood pressure (BP) was recorded intra-arterially for BPV analysis. Renal function, morphology, inflammation and oxidative stress were assessed.

Results::

Combined exercise training alone (TP group) did not alter systolic BP. However, TP group showed lower media/lumen ratio of interlobular arteries and NADPH oxidase activity, as well as higher interleukin (IL)-10 and superoxide dismutase activity in renal tissue compared to the SP group. In addition to similar benefits induced by exercise training alone, the combination of approaches (TE group) resulted in lower vascular sympathetic modulation (TE: 10.6 ± 1.7 vs. SP: 22.0 ± 3.1 mmHg 2 ), higher creatinine clearance, lower NADPH oxidase activity, lower areas with severe tubulointerstitial fibrosis (injury range 51–100%, TE: 10.0 ± 0.2 vs. SP: 27.5 ± 0.1, TP: 22.5 ± 0.1 and SE: 22.5 ± 0.1%), as well as a lower media/lumen ratio. Positive correlations were obtained between vascular sympathetic modulation with SBP ( r = 0.61), media/lumen ratio ( r = 0.74) and renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis ( r = 0.69).

Conclusions::

The combination of exercise training with enalapril provided additional renal morphofunctional benefits, which may result from interactions involving BPV, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and could contribute to the observed renal improvements. Our findings also suggest that BPV may play a role in hypertension-related renal changes and that combining pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies might offer effective strategies to reduce residual cardiovascular risk in arterial hypertension.

News (Medical) associated with Enalapril Maleate

28 Oct 2025

·www.globenewswire.com

Novartis delivers solid sales and core operating income growth with strong pipeline progress in Q3; reaffirms FY 2025 guidance

Ad hoc announcement pursuant to Art. 53 LR Q3 net sales grew +7% (cc1, +8% USD) and core operating income1 grew +7% (cc, +6% USD) Sales growth was driven by continued strong execution on priority brands including Kisqali (+68% cc), Kesimpta (+44% cc), Pluvicto (+45% cc) and Scemblix (+95% cc)Core operating income margin1 was stable (cc) at 39.3% despite increasing generic impact Q3 operating income grew +27% (cc, +24% USD); net income rose +25% (cc, +23% USD)Q3 core EPS1 grew +10% (cc, +9% USD) to USD 2.25Q3 free cash flow1 was USD 6.2 billion (+4% USD) driven by higher net cash flows from operating activitiesStrong nine months performance with net sales up +11% (cc, +11% USD) and core operating income up +18% (cc, +16% USD)Q3 selected innovation milestones: Rhapsido FDA approval as the only oral, targeted BTK inhibitor for CSU Ianalumab positive replicate Phase III readouts in Sjogren’s diseasePluvicto positive Phase III PSMAddition data at ESMOScemblix positive CHMP opinion for all lines of CML treatmentCosentyx positive Phase III readout in PMRFabhalta positive Phase III eGFR readout in IgA nephropathy Full-year 2025 guidance2 reaffirmed Sales expected to grow high single-digitCore operating income expected to grow low-teens 1. Constant currencies (cc), core results and free cash flow are non-IFRS measures. An explanation of non-IFRS measures can be found on page 42 of the Condensed Interim Financial Report. Unless otherwise noted, all growth rates in this Release refer to same period in prior year. 2. Please see detailed guidance assumptions on page 7. Basel, October 28, 2025 – Commenting on Q3 2025 results, Vas Narasimhan, CEO of Novartis, said:“Novartis delivered solid financial performance in Q3, more than offsetting the impact of increasing generic erosion in the US. Our key growth drivers performed well, including Kisqali, Kesimpta, Pluvicto and Scemblix. Importantly, we achieved FDA approval for Rhapsido in CSU and positive Phase III readouts for ianalumab in Sjogren’s disease – two assets with pipeline-in-a-pill potential that could underpin our growth through 2030 and beyond. In addition, we completed several deals in the quarter to further strengthen our pipeline in core therapeutic areas. We remain well on track to achieve our guidance for 2025 and over the mid-term." Key figures Q3 2025Q3 2024% change9M 20259M 2024% change USD mUSD mUSDcc USD mUSD mUSDccNet sales13 90912 82387 41 19637 1641111Operating income4 5013 6272427 14 02811 0142731Net income3 9303 1852325 11 5639 1192729EPS (USD)2.041.582931 5.944.503235Free cash flow6 2175 9654 15 94112 61826 Core operating income5 4605 14567 16 96014 6351618Core net income4 3304 13356 13 52211 8221417Core EPS (USD)2.252.06910 6.945.831921 Strategy Our focus Novartis is a “pure-play” innovative medicines company. We have a clear focus on four core therapeutic areas (cardiovascular-renal-metabolic, immunology, neuroscience and oncology), with multiple significant in-market and pipeline assets in each of these areas, that address high disease burden and have substantial growth potential. In addition to two established technology platforms (chemistry and biotherapeutics), three emerging platforms (gene & cell therapy, radioligand therapy and xRNA) are being prioritized for continued investment into new R&D capabilities and manufacturing scale. Geographically, we are focused on growing in our priority geographies – the US, China, Germany and Japan. Our priorities Accelerate growth: Renewed attention to deliver high-value medicines (NMEs) and focus on launch excellence, with a rich pipeline across our core therapeutic areas.Deliver returns: Continuing to embed operational excellence and deliver improved financials. Novartis remains disciplined and shareholder-focused in our approach to capital allocation, with substantial cash generation and a strong capital structure supporting continued flexibility. Strengthen foundations: Unleashing the power of our people, scaling data science and technology and continuing to build trust with society. Financials Third quarter Net sales were USD 13.9 billion (+8%, +7% cc), with volume contributing 16 percentage points to growth. Generic competition had a negative impact of 7 percentage points, driven by Promacta, Tasigna and Entresto generics in the US. Pricing had a negative impact of 2 percentage points, driven by revenue deduction adjustments mainly in the US. Currency had a positive impact of 1 percentage point. Operating income was USD 4.5 billion (+24%, +27% cc), mainly driven by higher net sales and lower impairments, partly offset by higher R&D investments. Net income was USD 3.9 billion (+23%, +25% cc), mainly driven by higher operating income. EPS was USD 2.04 (+29%, +31% cc), benefiting from the lower weighted average number of shares outstanding. Core operating income was USD 5.5 billion (+6%, +7% cc), mainly driven by higher net sales, partly offset by higher R&D investments. Core operating income margin was 39.3% of net sales (-0.8 percentage points, stable in cc). Core net income was USD 4.3 billion (+5%, +6% cc), mainly due to higher core operating income, partly offset by other core financial income and expense. Core EPS was USD 2.25 (+9%, +10% cc), benefiting from the lower weighted average number of shares outstanding. Free cash flow amounted to USD 6.2 billion (+4% USD), compared with USD 6.0 billion in the prior-year quarter, driven by higher net cash flows from operating activities. Nine months Net sales were USD 41.2 billion (+11%, +11% cc), with volume contributing 14 percentage points to growth. Generic competition had a negative impact of 3 percentage points, while pricing and currency had no impact. Operating income was USD 14.0 billion (+27%, +31% cc), mainly driven by higher net sales and lower impairments, partly offset by higher investments behind priority brands and launches. Net income was USD 11.6 billion (+27%, +29% cc), mainly driven by higher operating income. EPS was USD 5.94 (+32%, +35% cc), benefiting from the lower weighted average number of shares outstanding. Core operating income was USD 17.0 billion (+16%, +18% cc), mainly driven by higher net sales, partly offset by higher investments behind priority brands and launches. Core operating income margin was 41.2% of net sales, increasing 1.8 percentage points (2.5 percentage points cc). Core net income was USD 13.5 billion (+14%, +17% cc), mainly due to higher core operating income. Core EPS was USD 6.94 (+19%, +21% cc), benefiting from the lower weighted average number of shares outstanding. Free cash flow amounted to USD 15.9 billion (+26% USD), compared with USD 12.6 billion in the prior-year period, driven by higher net cash flows from operating activities. Q3 priority brands Underpinning our financial results in the quarter is a continued focus on key growth drivers (ranked in order of contribution to Q3 growth) including: Kisqali(USD 1 329 million, +68% cc) sales grew strongly across all regions, including +91% growth in the US with strong momentum from the recently launched early breast cancer indication as well as continued share gains in metastatic breast cancer.Kesimpta(USD 1 222 million, +44% cc) sales grew across all regions driven by increased demand and strong access.Pluvicto(USD 564 million, +45% cc) showed sustained demand growth in the US following the pre-taxane metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) approval, as well as continued access expansion ex-US in the post-taxane mCRPC setting, with 25 countries now approved including Japan.Scemblix(USD 358 million, +95% cc) sales grew across all regions, demonstrating the continued high unmet need in CML, with strong momentum from the early-line indication in the US and Japan.Leqvio(USD 308 million, +54% cc) continued steady growth across all regions, with a focus on increasing account and patient adoption, and continuing medical education.Fabhalta(USD 149 million, +236% cc) sales grew, reflecting market share gains in PNH globally and continued launch progress in IgAN and C3G in the US.Lutathera(USD 213 million, +11% cc) sales grew mainly in the US, Japan and Europe due to increased demand and earlier-line adoption.Cosentyx(USD 1 698 million, -1% cc) sales were broadly stable, as strong volume growth in the US was partially offset by higher revenue deductions, and ex-US declined due to a one-time price effect in the prior year. Novartis remains confident in Cosentyx USD 8 billion+ peak sales guidance.Zolgensma(USD 301 million, -5% cc) sales declined reflecting a lower incidence of SMA compared to prior year. Net sales of the top 20 brands in the third quarter and nine months Q3 2025% change9M 2025% change USD mUSDccUSD mUSDccEntresto1 8771-16 4951515Cosentyx- excl. revenue deduction adjust.*1 69805-144 8617979Kisqali1 32969683 4626263Kesimpta1 22246443 1984140Tafinlar + Mekinist550311 67599Jakavi539841 55576Promacta/Revolade362-36-381 410-14-14Pluvicto56446451 3893333Ilaris47327261 3692524Xolair440531 33988Tasigna221-47-48925-27-26Zolgensma301-2-5925-3-4SandostatinGroup302-1-1922-5-5Scemblix35897958948584Leqvio30856548636361Lutathera21312116131514ExforgeGroup1761054602Lucentis148-40-42510-39-39DiovanGroup143-5-5447-10GalvusGroup126-21-20373-19-16Top 20 brands total11 35010933 7711414 *Sales growth impacted by a one-time revenue deduction adjustment in the US R&D update - key developments from the third quarter New approvals Rhapsido(remibrutinib)Rhapsido was approved by the FDA as an oral treatment for adult patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) who remain symptomatic despite H1 antihistamine treatment. It is the first FDA-approved Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi) for CSU. Remibrutinib is also in Phase III development for chronic inducible urticaria, hidradenitis suppurativa and food allergy, as well as multiple sclerosis and myasthenia gravis. Regulatory updates Scemblix (asciminib)The CHMP of the EMA adopted a positive opinion and recommended granting marketing authorization for Scemblix for the treatment of adult patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (Ph+ CML-CP) in all lines of treatment. Results from ongoing trials and other highlights Ianalumab(VAY736)The Phase III NEPTUNUS-1 and -2 trials evaluating ianalumab in adults with active Sjögren’s disease met their primary endpoint, showing statistically significant improvements in disease activity as measured by a reduction in ESSDAI compared to placebo. Ianalumab was well tolerated and demonstrated a favorable safety profile, supporting its potential to become the first targeted treatment for this chronic autoimmune disease. Novartis plans to submit ianalumab to health authorities globally and was granted Fast Track Designation by the FDA. In the Phase III VAYHIT2 trial, ianalumab plus eltrombopag significantly extended the time to treatment failure compared to placebo plus eltrombopag in adult patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), previously treated with corticosteroids. The safety profile was consistent with previous studies. Data will be presented at an upcoming medical meeting and included in regulatory submissions in 2027.Ianalumab is also in Phase III development for systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritis and warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia.Pluvicto(lutetium Lu177 vipivotide tetraxetan)In the Phase III PSMAddition trial, Pluvicto plus standard-of-care (SoC) reduced risk of progression or death by 28% versus SoC alone, with a positive trend in overall survival in patients with PSMA+ metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Safety remained consistent with PSMAfore and VISION trials. Data presented at ESMO.Kisqali(ribociclib)The five-year analysis of the pivotal Phase III NATALEE trial in the broadest population of high-risk stage II and III HR+/HER2- early breast cancer (eBC) showed the addition of Kisqali to endocrine therapy (ET) reduced the risk of recurrence by 28.4% compared to ET alone. Data also showed a 29.1% risk reduction in distant disease-free survival, a positive trend in overall survival, and no new safety signals. Data presented at ESMO.Cosentyx(secukinumab)The Phase III REPLENISH study met its primary endpoint, with Cosentyx demonstrating statistically significant and clinically meaningful sustained remission compared to placebo at week 52 in adults with relapsing polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). Full data will be presented at an upcoming medical congress and submitted to health authorities in 2026.Fabhalta(iptacopan)In the Phase III APPLAUSE-IgAN final analysis, Fabhalta demonstrated statistically significant, clinically meaningful superiority compared to placebo in slowing IgAN progression measured by annualized total slope of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline over two years. Full data will be presented at future medical meetings and included in regulatory submissions in 2026.Leqvio(Inclisiran)In the Phase IV V-DIFFERENCE study, 85% of patients with hypercholesterolemia who had not reached guideline-recommended LDL-C targets despite optimized lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) achieved their goals with Leqvio plus LLT, versus 31% with placebo plus LLT, with benefits evident in as early as 30 days. Leqvio also reduced LDL-C by 59% over 360 days, outperforming placebo plus LLT by 35%. Data presented at ESC.Entresto(sacubitril/ valsartan)Data from the Phase IV PARACHUTE-HF study in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction due to chronic Chagas disease showed that Entresto outperformed enalapril on a composite endpoint of cardiovascular death, heart failure hospitalization or NT-proBNP change. Entresto was well tolerated, with no new safety signals identified. Data presented at ESC.Kesimpta(ofatumumab)In the ARTIOS Phase IIIb study, patients with RMS who switched to Kesimpta after breakthrough disease on fingolimod or fumarate-based therapies showed a substantial reduction in disease activity. This was reflected in a low annualized relapse rate (ARR of 0.06 over 96 weeks), near-complete suppression of MRI activity, and over 90% of participants achieving no evidence of disease activity (NEDA-3). No new safety concerns were identified, regardless of prior disease-modifying treatment.In the separate ALITHIOS open-label extension study, more than 90% of naïve patients receiving Kesimpta showed no evidence of disease activity (NEDA-3) at 7 years, with no new safety concerns, reinforcing the benefit of introducing Kesimpta early. Data from both studies presented at ECTRIMS.Selected transactionsNovartis entered into an agreement to acquire Tourmaline Bio, a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing pacibekitug, a Phase III-ready anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibody for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). In Phase II, pacibekitug reduced median high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels by up to 86% compared to placebo, with similar incidence rates of adverse events and serious adverse events. The transaction is expected to close on October 28, 2025.Novartis entered a second collaboration with Monte Rosa Therapeutics, in addition to the existing license agreement for VAV1 degraders, announced in October 2024. Under the new agreement, Novartis receives an exclusive license to an undisclosed discovery target and options to license two programs from Monte Rosa’s preclinical immunology portfolio.Novartis continued its collaboration with Argo Biopharma, adding two new agreements: an exclusive license to an siRNA candidate currently in IND-enabling studies and expected to enter Phase I in 2026, and an option to exclusively license two second-generation siRNA molecules currently in development, with a right of first negotiation to the Phase II ANGPTL3 program.Novartis entered into a global licensing and collaboration agreement with Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals for ARO-SNCA, a preclinical-stage siRNA therapy targeting alpha-synuclein for the treatment of synucleinopathies such as Parkinson’s disease. The agreement also includes additional collaboration targets leveraging Arrowhead’s proprietary Targeted RNAi Molecule (TRiM™) platform. Capital structure and net debt Retaining a good balance between investment in the business, a strong capital structure, and attractive shareholder returns remains a priority. During the first nine months of 2025, Novartis repurchased a total of 66.4 million shares for USD 7.5 billion on the SIX Swiss Exchange second trading line. These repurchases included 49.1 million shares (USD 5.4 billion) under the USD 15 billion share buyback (announced in July 2023 and completed in July 2025) and 6.6 million shares (USD 0.8 billion) under the new up-to USD 10 billion share buyback announced in July 2025. In addition, 10.7 million shares (USD 1.3 billion) were repurchased to mitigate anticipated full-year dilution related to the equity-based compensation plans of associates. Further, 1.6 million shares (equity value of USD 0.2 billion) were repurchased from associates. In the same period, 11.7 million shares (equity value of USD 0.9 billion) were delivered to associates related to equity-based compensation plans. Consequently, the total number of shares outstanding decreased by 56.3 million versus December 31, 2024. These treasury share transactions resulted in an equity decrease of USD 6.8 billion and a net cash outflow of USD 7.7 billion. Net debt increased to USD 20.4 billion at September 30, 2025, compared to USD 16.1 billion at December 31, 2024. The increase was mainly due to the free cash flow of USD 15.9 billion being more than offset by the USD 7.8 billion annual dividend payment, cash outflows for treasury share transactions of USD 7.7 billion and net cash outflow for M&A, intangible assets transactions and other acquisitions of USD 3.7 billion. As of Q3 2025, the long-term credit rating for the company is Aa3 with Moody’s Ratings and AA- with S&P Global Ratings. 2025 outlook Barring unforeseen events; growth vs. prior year in ccNet salesExpected to grow high single-digit Core operating incomeExpected to grow low-teens Foreign exchange impact If late-October exchange rates prevail for the remainder of 2025, the foreign exchange impact for the year would be neutral to positive 1 percentage point on net sales and negative 2 percentage points on core operating income. The estimated impact of exchange rates on our results is provided monthly on our website. Key figures1 Q3 2025Q3 2024% change9M 20259M 2024% change USD mUSD mUSDcc USD mUSD mUSDccNet sales13 90912 82387 41 19637 1641111Operating income4 5013 6272427 14 02811 0142731As a % of sales32.428.3 34.129.6 Net income3 9303 1852325 11 5639 1192729EPS (USD)2.041.582931 5.944.503235Net cash flows fromoperating activities6 5716 2865 16 88013 42626 Non-IFRS measures Free cash flow6 2175 9654 15 94112 61826 Core operating income5 4605 14567 16 96014 6351618As a % of sales39.340.1 41.239.4 Core net income4 3304 13356 13 52211 8221417Core EPS (USD)2.252.06910 6.945.831921 1. Constant currencies (cc), core results and free cash flow are non-IFRS measures. An explanation of non-IFRS measures can be found on page 42 of the Condensed Interim Financial Report. Unless otherwise noted, all growth rates in this Release refer to same period in prior year. Detailed financial results accompanying this press release are included in the Condensed Interim Financial Report at the link below:https://ml-eu.globenewswire.com/resource/download/7781ab26-6902-4024-a9c8-49124629eb37/ DisclaimerThis press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, that can generally be identified by words such as “anticipate,” “can,” “will,” “continue,” “ongoing,” “growth,” “launch,” “expect,” “expand,” “deliver,” “accelerate,” “guidance,” “outlook,” “priority,” “potential,” “momentum,” “commitment,” or similar expressions, or by express or implied discussions regarding potential new products, potential new indications for existing products, potential product launches, or regarding potential future revenues from any such products; or regarding results of ongoing clinical trials; or regarding potential future, pending or announced transactions; regarding potential future sales or earnings; or by discussions of strategy, plans, expectations or intentions, including discussions regarding our continued investment into new R&D capabilities and manufacturing; or regarding our capital structure. Such forward-looking statements are based on the current beliefs and expectations of management regarding future events and are subject to significant known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on these statements. There can be no guarantee that the investigational or approved products described in this press release will be submitted or approved for sale or for any additional indications or labeling in any market, or at any particular time. Nor can there be any guarantee that such products will be commercially successful in the future. Neither can there be any guarantee that the expected benefits or synergies from the transactions described in this press release will be achieved in the expected timeframe, or at all. In particular, our expectations could be affected by, among other things: uncertainties concerning global healthcare cost containment, including ongoing government, payer and general public pricing and reimbursement pressures and requirements for increased pricing transparency; uncertainties regarding the success of key products, commercial priorities and strategy; uncertainties in the research and development of new products, including clinical trial results and additional analysis of existing clinical data; our ability to obtain or maintain proprietary intellectual property protection, including the ultimate extent of the impact on Novartis of the loss of patent protection and exclusivity on key products; uncertainties regarding our ability to realize the strategic benefits, operational efficiencies or opportunities expected from our external business opportunities; uncertainties in the development or adoption of potentially transformational digital technologies, including artificial intelligence, and business models; uncertainties surrounding the implementation of our new IT projects and systems; uncertainties regarding potential significant breaches of information security or disruptions of our information technology systems; uncertainties regarding actual or potential legal proceedings, including regulatory actions or delays or government regulation related to the products and pipeline products described in this press release; safety, quality, data integrity, or manufacturing issues; our performance on and ability to comply with environmental, social and governance measures and requirements; major macroeconomic and geo- and socio-political developments, including the impact of any potential tariffs on our products or the impact of war in certain parts of the world; uncertainties regarding future global exchange rates; uncertainties regarding future demand for our products; and other risks and factors referred to in Novartis AG’s most recently filed Form 20-F and in subsequent reports filed with, or furnished to, the US Securities and Exchange Commission. Novartis is providing the information in this press release as of this date and does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. All product names appearing in italics are trademarks owned by or licensed to Novartis. About Novartis Novartis is an innovative medicines company. Every day, we work to reimagine medicine to improve and extend people’s lives so that patients, healthcare professionals and societies are empowered in the face of serious disease. Our medicines reach nearly 300 million people worldwide. Reimagine medicine with us: Visit us at https://www.novartis.com and connect with us on LinkedIn, Facebook, X and Instagram. Novartis will conduct a conference call with investors to discuss this news release today at 14:00 Central European time and 9:00 Eastern Time. A simultaneous webcast of the call for investors and other interested parties may be accessed by visiting the Novartis website. A replay will be available after the live webcast by visiting https://www.novartis.com/investors/event-calendar. Detailed financial results accompanying this press release are included in the Condensed Interim Financial Report at the link below. Additional information is provided on our business and pipeline of selected compounds in late-stage development. A copy of today's earnings call presentation can be found at https://www.novartis.com/investors/event-calendar. Important dates October 30, 2025 Immunology pipeline event at ACR (virtual)November 19-20, 2025Meet Novartis Management 2025 (London, UK)December 1, 2025Social Impact & Sustainability annual investor event (virtual)February 4, 2026Fourth quarter & full year 2025 results # # # Novartis Media RelationsE-mail: media.relations@novartis.comNovartis Investor RelationsCentral investor relations line: +41 61 324 7944E-mail: investor.relations@novartis.com Please find full media release in English attached and on the following link:Media Release (PDF) Further language versions are available through the following links: German version is available through the following link:Medienmitteilung (PDF)

Clinical ResultPhase 3License out/inPhase 2Phase 1

18 Aug 2025

·www.globenewswire.com

New Novartis ESC data highlights strength of cardiovascular portfolio

PRESS RELEASE Two VictORION studies will highlight Leqvio’s impact on patient quality of life, and as a cholesterol lowering monotherapyLp(a)FRONTIERS APHERESIS study will assess effect of pelacarsen on reducing need for lipoprotein apheresis – a cholesterol removal procedure similar to dialysisPARACHUTE-HF study will highlight the efficacy and safety of Entresto to treat heart failure with reduced ejection fraction due to chronic Chagas diseaseAdditional presentations will assess the safety of new pipeline asset abelacimab in atrial fibrillation Basel, August 18, 2025 – Novartis will present data from 19 abstracts across its cardiovascular portfolio at the 2025 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Congress in Madrid from August 29 to September 1, 2025. “The latest data we are presenting at ESC will showcase how Novartis is pioneering groundbreaking treatments that can transform cardiovascular outcomes,” said Ruchira Glaser, M.D., Global Head, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Development Unit, Novartis. “With established treatments Entresto and Leqvio, we continue to explore new ways to improve patient care whilst also investigating broader populations who may benefit. With promising pipeline assets, pelacarsen and abelacimab, we are tackling areas of significant unmet need to address the myriad of factors that cause or worsen heart disease.” Key highlights of data accepted by ESC include: Medicine Presentation Title Presentation Details Pelacarsen Pelacarsen reduces the need for lipoprotein apheresis in patients with elevated lipoprotein(a) and cardiovascular disease: The Phase 3 Lp(a)FRONTIERS APHERESIS trial Station 12 (Research Gateway) Moderated ePoster August 29, 09:15-10:00 CEST Pelacarsen Association of elevated lipoprotein(a) with future major adverse cardiovascular events in recurrent ASCVD patients: analysis of a large US electronic health record database Station 2 (Research Gateway) Moderated ePoster August 30, 17:15 – 18:00 CEST Pelacarsen Economic burden of elevated lipoprotein(a) in secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease cohort from England Discovery Pole (North Convention Centre) Poster August 29, 15:15 CEST Leqvio VICTORION-Difference study: Inclisiran-based strategy vs standard of care Madrid (Main Auditorium) Hot Line August 30, 17:00 CEST Leqvio VICTORION-Mono China: efficacy and safety of inclisiran as monotherapy in Chinese adults with low or moderate ASCVD risk and elevated LDL-C Discovery Pole (North Convention Centre) Poster August 29, 10:00 CEST Abelacimab Prior anticoagulation experience, bleeding risk, and safety of factor XI inhibition in atrial fibrillation: an analysis of AZALEA-TIMI 71 Science Box 3 (Research Gateway) Poster September 1, 14:30 CEST Abelacimab Renal function and factor XI inhibition in atrial fibrillation: a pre-specified analysis of AZALEA-TIMI 71 Science Box 3 (Research Gateway) Poster September 1, 15:00 CEST Entresto PARACHUTE-HF: Randomized trial comparing sacubitril/valsartan with enalapril in patients with HFrEF caused by chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy Madrid (Main Auditorium) Hot Line September 1, 8:15 CEST About Novartis in Cardiovascular DiseaseAt Novartis, our mission is to ensure no heart is lost too soon. We envision a world where preventable CV deaths are no longer part of our lives. We’re proud of the positive impact we’ve made over the past 40 years and remain dedicated to tackling the most challenging problems in CVD. Through cutting-edge science and technology, we are focusing on areas of high unmet need, including scaling our xRNA platform across multiple risk factors and pioneering breakthroughs for genetically driven CVD risk factors and common heart conditions, including atrial fibrillation. We also work with patients, healthcare professionals, and organizations around the world to improve CV care beyond medicine alone. Together, we can help people with CVD enjoy longer, healthier lives and more time with their loved ones. DisclaimerThis press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can generally be identified by words such as “potential,” “can,” “will,” “plan,” “may,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “look forward,” “believe,” “committed,” “investigational,” “pipeline,” “launch,” or similar terms, or by express or implied discussions regarding potential marketing approvals, new indications or labeling for the investigational or approved products described in this press release, or regarding potential future revenues from such products. You should not place undue reliance on these statements. Such forward-looking statements are based on our current beliefs and expectations regarding future events, and are subject to significant known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. There can be no guarantee that the investigational or approved products described in this press release will be submitted or approved for sale or for any additional indications or labeling in any market, or at any particular time. Nor can there be any guarantee that such products will be commercially successful in the future. In particular, our expectations regarding such products could be affected by, among other things, the uncertainties inherent in research and development, including clinical trial results and additional analysis of existing clinical data; regulatory actions or delays or government regulation generally; global trends toward health care cost containment, including government, payor and general public pricing and reimbursement pressures and requirements for increased pricing transparency; our ability to obtain or maintain proprietary intellectual property protection; the particular prescribing preferences of physicians and patients; general political, economic and business conditions, including the effects of and efforts to mitigate pandemic diseases; safety, quality, data integrity or manufacturing issues; potential or actual data security and data privacy breaches, or disruptions of our information technology systems, and other risks and factors referred to in Novartis AG’s current Form 20-F on file with the US Securities and Exchange Commission. Novartis is providing the information in this press release as of this date and does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements contained in this press release as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. About Novartis Novartis is an innovative medicines company. Every day, we work to reimagine medicine to improve and extend people’s lives so that patients, healthcare professionals and societies are empowered in the face of serious disease. Our medicines reach nearly 300 million people worldwide. Reimagine medicine with us: Visit us at https://www.novartis.com and connect with us on LinkedIn, Facebook, X/Twitter and Instagram. # # # Novartis Media RelationsE-mail: media.relations@novartis.com Novartis Investor RelationsCentral investor relations line: +41 61 324 7944E-mail: investor.relations@novartis.com

Phase 3AHA

15 Feb 2024

·www.businesswire.com

GoodRx Now Offering 30 Common Heart Health Medications for Under $30

SANTA MONICA, Calif.--( BUSINESS WIRE )-- GoodRx , the leading destination for prescription savings in the U.S., today announced it is offering 30 of the most common heart health medications for under $30 at more than 70,000 pharmacies nationwide. 1 Cardiovascular disease is one of the most prominent conditions facing Americans, affecting nearly half of all U.S. adults. That’s why GoodRx is making it easier for all individuals, regardless of insurance status, to access savings on both generic and brand-name medications that mitigate the risk and impact of cardiovascular conditions such as coronary artery disease, high cholesterol, hypertension, and more. By helping people afford their prescriptions, GoodRx is improving health outcomes and reducing the overall strain on the healthcare system. GoodRx’s recent report - The GoodRx Effect - estimates that GoodRx has directly contributed to the prevention of at least 140,000 emergency room visits and 110,000 hospitalizations for major adverse cardiovascular events like heart attack and stroke. Save an average of 84% on common generic medications 2 The following is a sample list of common generic medications used to treat cardiovascular disease that are available for under $30 on GoodRx. MEDICATION LOWEST PRICE 3 AVG % SAVINGS 4 ACE Inhibitors Lisinopril (generic Prinivil and Zestril) $9.29 67% Enalapril (generic Epaned and Vasotec) $15.54 75% Beta Blockers Carvedilol (generic Coreg) $10.68 75% Metoprolol ER (generic Toprol XL) $11.15 74% Propranolol (generic Inderal) $10.96 71% Calcium Channel Blockers Amlodipine (generic Amvaz, Katerzia, and Norvasc) $9.15 80% Diltiazem ER (generic Cardizem CD) $13.43 74% Statins Atorvastatin (generic Lipitor) $10.10 83% Pravastatin (generic Pravachol) $14.53 74% Rosuvastatin (generic Crestor) $10.57 91% Access exclusive discounts and savings on brand-name drugs GoodRx offers incredible savings on brand-name medications that are often more costly and harder to obtain: MEDICATION SAVINGS* Entresto Pay as little as $10 for up to a 90-day supply Jardiance Pay as little as $10 per month Lodoco Pay as little as $30 for up to a 90-day supply Ozempic Pay as little as $25 per month Repatha Pay as little as $5 per month Soaanz Exclusive discount to save over 70% Toprol XL Exclusive discount to save up to 51% Xarelto Pay as little as $10 per fill *May require private or commercial insurance Learn more about cardiovascular disease from trusted doctors, pharmacists and health experts GoodRx Health is a go-to resource for understanding common heart conditions, risk factors, treatment options and associated savings. The GoodRx Heart Health Center provides credible, timely and actionable information to help people better manage their health. Each article is researched and written by a team of editorial experts, and clinical content is reviewed by a team of medical experts that includes physicians, pharmacists, and more. “Improving access to affordable medications is the most important thing we can do to improve Americans’ heart health. The second most important is ensuring access to helpful, accurate information,” said Karla Robinson, MD , Medical Editor at GoodRx. “Knowledge is power, so we create easy-to-understand content that people can actually use so they are better equipped to minimize the risk of disease, find affordable medications, stick to their treatment plans, and ultimately improve their overall health and wellbeing.” To find savings and trusted health information, download the GoodRx app or go to www.goodrx.com/hearthealth . About GoodRx GoodRx is the leading destination for prescription savings in the U.S. We offer consumers free access to transparent and lower prices for generic and brand medications, as well as comprehensive healthcare research and information. We also equip healthcare professionals with efficient ways to find and prescribe affordable medications. Since 2011, GoodRx has helped consumers save more than $65 billion and is one of the most downloaded medical apps over the past decade. GoodRx periodically posts information that may be important to investors on its investor relations website at https://investors.goodrx.com . We intend to use our website as a means of disclosing material nonpublic information and for complying with our disclosure obligations under Regulation FD. Accordingly, investors and potential investors are encouraged to consult GoodRx’s website regularly for important information, in addition to following GoodRx’s press releases, filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and public conference calls and webcasts. The information contained on, or that may be accessed through, GoodRx’s website is not incorporated by reference into, and is not a part of, this press release. Forward-Looking Statements This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained in this press release that do not relate to matters of historical fact should be considered forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, statements regarding consumer savings; the benefits of our offerings to consumers, the U.S. healthcare system and GoodRx; and GoodRx’s plans, expectations and objectives. These statements are neither promises nor guarantees, but involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, risks relating to our ability to achieve broad market education and change consumer purchasing habits, changes in medication pricing and pricing structures, our reliance on a limited number of industry participants, the competitive nature of our industry, risks related to government regulation of the internet, e-commerce, consumer data and privacy, information technology and cyber-security and the important factors discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in GoodRx’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as updated by our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023, and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by the forward-looking statements made in this press release. Any such forward-looking statements represent management’s estimates as of the date of this press release. While we may elect to update such forward-looking statements at some point in the future, we disclaim any obligation to do so, even if subsequent events cause our views to change. 1 Prices are subject to change at any time without notice. Prices may vary at different pharmacies, and for different forms, dosages, and quantities. 2 Calculated based on the difference between the average list price at a particular pharmacy and the average price paid by GoodRx consumers utilizing a GoodRx code at that same pharmacy in December 2023. 3 As of February 1, 2024. 4 Calculated based on the difference between the average list price at a particular pharmacy and the average price paid by GoodRx consumers utilizing a GoodRx code at that same pharmacy in December 2023.

AHA

100 Deals associated with Enalapril Maleate

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KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00621	Enalapril Maleate	C09AA02	DB00584

R&D Status

Approved

10 top approved records.

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Indication	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left	United States	Azurity Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	20 Sep 2016
Angina Pectoris	China	Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.	15 Dec 2000
Myocardial Infarction	China	Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.	15 Dec 2000
Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine	United States	Wockhardt Ltd.	22 Aug 2000
Immune System Diseases	United States	Wockhardt Ltd.	22 Aug 2000
Heart Failure	Japan	Organon & Co.	29 Mar 1991
Essential Hypertension	Japan	Organon & Co.	30 Apr 1986
Hypertension, Renal	Japan	Organon & Co.	30 Apr 1986
Hypertension, Renovascular	Japan	Organon & Co.	30 Apr 1986
Hypertension	United States	Bausch Health US LLC	24 Dec 1985

Developing

10 top R&D records.

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Indication	Highest Phase	Country/Location	Organization	Date
Chronic heart failure	Phase 3	Netherlands	Ethicare, Inc.	12 Oct 2015
Heart Defects, Congenital	Phase 3	Netherlands	Ethicare, Inc.	12 Oct 2015
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated	Phase 3	Netherlands	Ethicare, Inc.	05 Oct 2015
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1	Phase 2	Canada	Merck Frosst Canada Ltd.	01 Mar 1997

Clinical Result

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Study	Phase	Population	Analyzed Enrollment	Group	Results	Evaluation	Publication Date


NCT04023227 (Pubmed \| JAMA)	Phase 4	Chagas Disease	922	Sacubitril/Valsartan	sguoxuvocn(eitiwzhtlr) = ihnpwbscwe ukswyrkfhy (luofkpquxm ) View more	Negative	06 Jan 2026
				Enalapril	sguoxuvocn(eitiwzhtlr) = woszqtzyoy ukswyrkfhy (luofkpquxm ) View more
NCT04023227 (Pubmed \| JAMA)	Phase 4	Chagas Disease	922	Sacubitril/Valsartan	dmbulbnrzo(alvstjnbxs) = xsfnvkkbhb wkaqlzlvpq (bymgycwgkd ) View more	Negative	03 Dec 2025
				Enalapril	dmbulbnrzo(alvstjnbxs) = mkncpwugyo wkaqlzlvpq (bymgycwgkd ) View more
NCT04853758 (ANSWER-HF, Pubmed \| J Am Coll Cardiol)	Phase 4	Chagas Disease	190	Sacubitril-valsartan	cirpfdhgeg(wzggwgzkmg) = wcqyktakfs vdwideuxhg (apeqezdong )	Positive	01 Nov 2025
				Enalapril	cirpfdhgeg(wzggwgzkmg) = tgsxsgscha vdwideuxhg (apeqezdong )
NCT03265574 (PROACT, Pubmed \| JACC CardioOncol)	Phase 3	Breast Cancer \| Lymphoma cardiac troponin T \| cardiac troponin I \| left ventricular global longitudinal strain ... View more	111	Enalapril	jaokgzujam(kdcrhnutvf) = jhkwkwgidj cmocskfkfd (ldfoayzsah ) View more	Negative	01 Oct 2024
				Standard care without enalapril	jaokgzujam(kdcrhnutvf) = qjitnrpqgq cmocskfkfd (ldfoayzsah ) View more
NCT03179163 (H2SPharm, CTgov)	Phase 1/2	Essential Hypertension	10	Captopril	bmmojliovi(rbzdbgvucf) = idzkyiyeqw rflhwvydoq (awdjgwzuwu, 47) View more	-	28 Feb 2024
NCT04236258 (CTgov)	Phase 4	Pre-Eclampsia	94	NIFEdipine ER (Nifedipine)	jxusubbokq = rtvnlwuwnq fppkracilw (nildevbpid, pwzjcbqjcf - yihrsberkn) View more	-	30 Nov 2022
				enalapril (Enalapril)	jxusubbokq = ljertznuqw fppkracilw (nildevbpid, ombbcfppvo - wlyvikeblh) View more
NCT01754909 (CTgov)	Phase 2	Radiation Pneumonitis \| Lung Cancer \| Fibrosis	50	enalapril (Enalapril)	ftjartjtrp = plnaewwujz gvolxxjywx (ssboshslam, xeliysejql - qemutqrycu) View more	-	01 Oct 2019
				placebo (Placebo)	ftjartjtrp = qvhviihuiw gvolxxjywx (ssboshslam, gcdglkyppm - qbxtduovlr) View more
NCT00895414 (CTgov)	Not Applicable	Breast Cancer	19	doxorubicin hydrochloride+enalapril maleate (Doxorubicin Alone First, Then Doxorubicin With Enalapril)	gvwrdubapk(uodcrtfkyq) = chofutyqgh swleerfktv (iosxfshrud, ebcqxlepks - jqeqsfpill) View more	-	08 May 2019
				doxorubicin hydrochloride+enalapril maleate (Doxorubicin With Enalapril First, Then Doxorubicin Alone)	gvwrdubapk(uodcrtfkyq) = jziknmomla swleerfktv (iosxfshrud, wrwepdsxnz - yjkstkqjer) View more
PARADIGM-HF (Pubmed \| Eur J Heart Fail)	Not Applicable	-	8,399	Sacubitril/valsartan	tjgazxrywe(gfbltdnhvu) = ibcsksxuxm vfsaoekqcv (gscaqacplp )	-	01 Mar 2019
				Enalapril	tjgazxrywe(gfbltdnhvu) = lpfntmzthu vfsaoekqcv (gscaqacplp )
NCT02554890 (PIONEER-HF, Pubmed \| Br Dent J \| N Engl J Med) Manual	Phase 4	Acute decompensated heart failure	881	sacubitril-valsartan	elqdwsmbav(tfftogpmkm) = gontkzkmzf gqsgtvewog (tafsyfsypx )	Positive	07 Feb 2019
				enalapril	elqdwsmbav(tfftogpmkm) = loptviiawr gqsgtvewog (tafsyfsypx )

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