The Behavioural Insights Team

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health challenge. Due to overuse of antibiotics, bacteria are becoming resistant to antibiotics, which creates infections that can't be treated by modern medicine. To combat AMR, the public need to both know that AMR is an issue and know what actions they can take to address AMR.
When patients are prescribed antibiotics, the information provided (and how this is provided) is likely to be influential on whether they are taken correctly, or if behaviours that contribute to antimicrobial resistance (such as not finishing the course) predominate.
This study, a large online experiment involving 7,000 people across the UK, aims explore the influence of what information and how it is provided. The study looks at different ways of presenting information on antibiotic packets-from clear instructions to warnings and even scannable QR codes with extra details.
The main goals are to see if these changes can help participants understand how to take antibiotics exactly as prescribed. The investigators also want to see if it helps participants understand what antibiotic resistance is and their role in preventing it.
By understanding what works best, the investigators hope to find simple, effective ways to help everyone use antibiotics wisely, protecting these vital medicines for the future.

The goal of this interventional study is to prevent childhood obesity in children aged 6-12 years in Chiba City, Japan. The main questions it aims to answer are:
* Does the multi-component intervention for environments around children reduce the BMI z-score of children aged 6-12 years after one and two years?
* Does the multi-component intervention for environments around children improve the health-related quality of life (assessed by KIDSCREEN-10) of children aged 6-12 years after one and two years?
Researchers will compare school clusters receiving the intervention to control clusters to see if the intervention package promotes healthy eating, increases physical activity, improves health-related quality of life, and reduces obesity prevalence.
Participants will:
* Attend elementary schools within participating clusters (either the intervention or control group).
* Have baseline data collected, with follow-up assessments after one year and two years.
* Potentially participate in school-based programs (nutrition education, physical activity promotion) and community-based initiatives (park activation, supermarkets) if in an intervention cluster.
* Have their physical activity and dietary behavior assessed through self-report questionnaires.