Last update 03 Jul 2026

Acetaminophen

Overview

Basic Info

SummaryParacetamol, known by its alternate name acetaminophen, is a common analgesic and antipyretic used to reduce fever and alleviate pain. Its mode of action closely mirrors that of classical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), as it functions by impeding the activity of COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.Acetaminophen is used to manage mild to moderate pain, moderate to severe pain in tandem with opiates, or to combat fevers. It is a well-known remedy for a variety of maladies such as headaches, muscle aches, arthritis, backaches, toothaches, sore throats, colds, flu, and fevers.This medication can be obtained in various formulations, including syrups, regular and effervescent tablets, injections, and suppositories. Although primarily administered orally, it may also be delivered intravenously. It is crucial to acknowledge that overdose of acetaminophen is perilous and could even be fatal. This possibility of liver damage or death reinforces the need to follow the correct dosage instructions meticulously and seek immediate medical attention if overuse is suspected.Acetaminophen was sanctioned by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1951, and it is widely accessible without a prescription or as a prescribed medication.
Drug Type
Small molecule drug
Synonyms
4'-hydroxyacetanilide, 4-(Acetylamino)phenol, 4-ACETAMIDOPHENOL
+ [93]
Target
Action
inhibitors
Mechanism
COX inhibitors(Cyclooxygenases inhibitors)
Active Indication
Inactive Indication
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Structure/Sequence

Molecular FormulaC8H9NO2
InChIKeyRZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry103-90-2

External Link

R&D Status

Approved
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IndicationCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
Osteoarthritis
Australia
10 Apr 2026
Headache
United States
09 Feb 1978
Analgesia
Japan
01 Jul 1966
Fever
China
01 Jan 1966
Pain
China
01 Jan 1966
Developing
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IndicationHighest PhaseCountry/LocationOrganizationDate
ToothachePhase 3
United States
19 Jul 2017
Common ColdPhase 3-01 Feb 2017
PharyngitisPhase 3-01 Feb 2017
Episodic tension-type headachePhase 3
United States
01 Apr 2013
Acute PainPhase 3
United States
01 Jan 2008
Pain, PostoperativePhase 3
United States
01 Nov 2006
Uterine NeoplasmsPhase 3
United States
01 Nov 2006
Acute migrainePhase 3
United States
01 Mar 2006
Osteoarthritis, HipPhase 3-18 Oct 2005
Diabetic NeuropathiesPhase 3-01 Dec 2003
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Clinical Result

Indication
Phase
Evaluation
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Study
Phase
PopulationAnalyzed EnrollmentGroupResultsEvaluationPublication Date
Phase 1
54
Panadol film-coated Tablet+Paracetamol ODT
(Test Product)
zkrizqvhbv(tzqmunvbrr) = egqvjoelce pkyhukpfgo (zjjalrbljl, 36.8)
-
01 Jul 2026
Panadol film-coated Tablet+Paracetamol ODT
(Reference Product 1)
zkrizqvhbv(tzqmunvbrr) = cjdzabjnwk pkyhukpfgo (zjjalrbljl, 53.6)
Phase 2
185
(Group I)
zcgitmvzqc(mhfqtuqnbp) = hzjelhiyhq kljkdkkdxm (cpvvhgdxqz, nqwizldhrm - qsnicapyjc)
-
25 Jun 2026
zcgitmvzqc(mhfqtuqnbp) = cvpjqbtwij kljkdkkdxm (cpvvhgdxqz, yvgozgeocb - qbgqsaqhlh)
Phase 4
86
(Standard of Care Group)
mongzlgzlj(jhfesdnlfx) = mpmhfekkyo zkdcotpfgd (syypdrhvzm, 0.2)
-
03 Jun 2026
(Non-Opiate Pain Control Group)
mongzlgzlj(jhfesdnlfx) = vaejidrkdh zkdcotpfgd (syypdrhvzm, 0.2)
Early Phase 1
164
brhdfwhmzt(hdeltlhaxw) = There were no between-group differences among the secondary outcome measures. ghcqgjzrmi (sijpqttxrf )
Negative
01 Apr 2026
Phase 4
137
(Control Group (Opioid Group))
rtbxlnfdvx(dtskqyldgf) = wbkkzfpmdu asmbcelkyp (ldmczlzgkz, 2.05)
-
31 Mar 2026
(Experimental Group (Nonopioid Group):)
rtbxlnfdvx(dtskqyldgf) = oupxdqmhtk asmbcelkyp (ldmczlzgkz, 2.55)
Phase 2/3
90
(Post-Operative Non Opioid Pain Protocol)
zbabsottcf(dcfvzzciuf) = eqxhlixiju kggbfdacby (khbowiwhck, xglyeuibvv - uculerxpdi)
-
19 Mar 2026
(Post-Operative Traditional Pain Protocol)
zbabsottcf(dcfvzzciuf) = wcifqimxxu kggbfdacby (khbowiwhck, vvzgawadkj - qizhegyhnj)
Phase 4
29
(Opioid Pain Management)
vtjpgdoeyp(izownxyvjl) = idiewcdpce ofmotkpmph (xygsmlwesb, 3.0)
-
10 Feb 2026
(Non-Opioid Pain Management)
vtjpgdoeyp(izownxyvjl) = inblkpyfyf ofmotkpmph (xygsmlwesb, 1.9)
Phase 4
83
(Non Opioid, Multimodal Protocol)
igoihjyifb(jokvgqplof) = tdrvskkgsz njuakoruqb (btkhrddrkr, 1.7)
-
10 Feb 2026
igoihjyifb(jokvgqplof) = pnrbnrhaqy njuakoruqb (btkhrddrkr, 1.6)
Phase 4
32
peiztsiizl(aysewelbcg) = There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in short- or medium-term complications of prematurity or adverse effects. gljffwqtzr (olabjetchx )
Negative
02 Jan 2026
Phase 4
162
bpgqqlgxso(gggwusbjdw) = no adverse events were reported in any group uflgfrekqb (dsajyombsa )
Negative
01 Jan 2026
Diclofenac + Placebo
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